2023

“Muri iki cyumweru, ibiciro byaisi idasanzweibicuruzwa byamasoko byahinduwe nabi, kandi ibihe byigihe cyo gukura byateganijwe ntabwo byujuje ibyateganijwe.Abacuruzi bafite ibikorwa byinshi, ariko ibyifuzo byo hasi ntabwo bikomeye, kandi ishyaka ryo gutanga amasoko ntabwo riri hejuru.Abafite ubwitonzi kandi bareba, bikaviramo guhagarika ibikorwa.Vuba aha, Inama y’igihugu yasabye guteza imbere iterambere ryiza ryo mu rwego rwo hejuruisi idasanzweinganda, hamwe na Biro yubucuruzi yasohoye itangazo ryo gushimangira imicungire y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bidasanzwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku biciro by’isi bidasanzwe.Icyakora, imikorere y'igihe gito irakenerwa, kandi ibiciro bizakomeza kuba intege nke kandi bihamye. ”

Incamake y'Isoko Ridasanzwe ry'isoko

Kuri iki cyumweru, ibiciro byaisi idasanzweibicuruzwa byahinduwe nabi, kandi kuzenguruka ibicuruzwa bivanze birahagije.Ibigo bitandukanya birakomeye kandi bihamye kubiciro, kandi kuri ubu ikiguzi cyo gutunganya okiside ni kinini.Isosiyete isakara ifite ibicuruzwa bike kandi ntibashaka kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabo, mugihe inganda zimwe na zimwe zitandukanya zishaka ibiciro biri hasi kugirango zuzuze ibicuruzwa byazo.Muri rusange ubushake bwo kohereza ni buke, cyane cyane bwibanda ku kuzamura ibiciro.

Ikirere gikonje nubutayu ku isoko idasanzwe yisi irakomeza, hamwe n’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bikomeje kugabanuka, ibiciro bya praseodymium na neodymium bikomeza guhindagurika, hamwe n’ibikorwa bike bya dysprosium na terbium.Abakora ibyuma bafite ubushake buke bwo kugabanya ibiciro, kandi mugihe kimwe, ibiciro byibyuma byahinduwe cyane, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bibura.Uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya rukuruzi rwatangaje ko hari ibicuruzwa bishya byakiriwe, aho ibiciro biri hagati ya 70% na 80%.Ubwiyongere bwibicuruzwa byamasoko biratinda, kandi ibigo bitandukanye biritonda mububiko, hamwe no kuzuza igihe gito.

Muri rusange, kubera ibiciro byumusaruro muke hamwe nubushake bukenewe, igiciro cya oxyde ya praseodymium neodymium kizakomeza kuba intege nke kandi gihamye, kandi ibiciro byibicuruzwa bya dysprosium na terbium nabyo bizakomeza kugabanuka.Nyamara, politiki ya vuba yisi ijyanye nisi yakunze kuba kenshi, kandi biteganijwe ko ibiciro bizaza bizagenda neza.

Ibiciro byingenzi byibicuruzwa

Ihinduka ryibiciro byibicuruzwa bidasanzwe byisi muri iki cyumweru byerekanwe mubishusho hejuru.Guhera ku wa kane, amagambo yavuzwe na oxyde ya praseodymium neodymium yari 511800 yu / toni, yiyongereyeho 3300 yu / toni ugereranije n’igiciro cyo ku wa gatanu ushize;Amagambo yavuzwe na praseodymium neodymium ni 628000 yuan / toni, igabanuka rya 0300 / toni ugereranije nigiciro cyo kuwa gatanu ushize;Amagambo yavuzwe na oxyde ya dysprosium ni miliyoni 2.6225 yu / toni, igabanuka rya miliyoni 2.13 / toni ugereranije n’igiciro cyo ku wa gatanu ushize;Amagambo ya okiside ya terbium ni miliyoni 7.965 yu / toni, igabanuka rya 91300 / toni ugereranije n’igiciro cyo ku wa gatanu ushize;Amagambo ya oxyde ya praseodymium ni 523500 Yuan / toni, igabanuka rya 0400 yu / toni ugereranije nigiciro cyo kuwa gatanu ushize;Amagambo ya okiside ya gadolinium ni 270100 yuan / toni, igabanuka rya 0.0400 yu / toni ugereranije nigiciro cyo kuwa gatanu ushize;Amagambo ya okiside ya holmium ni 551400 yu / toni, igabanuka rya 24900 / toni ugereranije nigiciro cyo kuwa gatanu ushize;Amagambo ya okiside ya neodymium ni 521300 yu / toni, igabanuka rya 50000 / toni ugereranije nigiciro cyo kuwa gatanu ushize.

Ntibisanzwe kwinjiza no kohereza amakuru hanze

Mu Kwakira 2023, Ubushinwa bwatumije toni 10818.7 z'ubutaka budasanzwe, bukagabanuka ku kwezi 31.9% ku kwezi na 21.5% umwaka ushize, hamwe n’agaciro ka miliyoni 136.6 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira 2023, Ubushinwa bwatumije toni 145000 z'ubutaka budasanzwe, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 39.8%, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka miliyari 1.83 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Ibintu byihariye bitumizwa mu mahanga ni ibi bikurikira:

Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukuboza 2022, Ubushinwa bwohereje toni 49000 z'ubutaka budasanzwe kandi butumiza miliyari 1.06 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Mu Kwakira 2023, Ubushinwa bwohereje toni 4290.6 z'ubutaka budasanzwe, bwiyongera ku kwezi 9% ku kwezi na 19.1% umwaka ushize, hamwe n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 37.1 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ukwakira 2023, Ubushinwa bwohereje toni 44000 z'ubutaka budasanzwe, bwiyongereyeho 7.7% umwaka ushize, hamwe n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 660 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Amakuru yihariye yohereza hanze ni aya akurikira:

Iterambere ryihuse ryimashini za kimuntu hamwe nisi idasanzwe ya magnesi zihoraho cyangwa aho zishobora gukura

Hamwe niterambere rihoraho hamwe niterambere rishya ryikoranabuhanga, robot ya humanoid yabaye icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere mubijyanye nubwenge bwubuhanga.Ku ya 2 Ugushyingo, Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho yasohoye “Igitekerezo kiyobora ku iterambere rishya ry’imashini za robo za Humanoid”, ryagaragaje neza intego z’iterambere n’igihe ntarengwa cy’inganda za robo z’abantu kandi ziteganya kugera ku musaruro rusange mu 2025.

Muri iki gihe, robot ya humanoid imaze gutera intambwe igaragara no guhanga udushya mu kumenyekanisha amashusho, kwerekana imvugo, servo y'amashanyarazi, hamwe na software hamwe n'ibishushanyo mbonera.Imashini za robo za Humanoid zihuza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nkubwenge bwubuhanga, inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, hamwe nibikoresho bishya, kandi biteganijwe ko bizahinduka ibicuruzwa nyuma ya mudasobwa, telefone zigendanwa, n’imodoka nshya.Bafite amahirwe menshi yiterambere kandi bafite amahirwe menshi yo gukoresha, bigatuma bakora inzira nshya yinganda zizaza.

Mbere, Tesla yatangaje ko izatangira gukora ku mugaragaro imashini za robo z’abantu mu 2023, zikaba imbaraga nini mu gutwara abantu ku isi hose ibikoresho bya magnetiki ya neodymium ikora cyane, bihindura cyane imiterere yabyo.Dufashe ko icyifuzo cya neodymium fer boron ikora cyane kuri robot imwe ya humanoide ni 3.5 kg, biteganijwe ko buri robot ya miriyoni 1 yumuntu izahuza nibisabwa na toni 3500 za boron ikora cyane ya neodymium.Ugereranyije, ikigereranyo cya neodymium fer boron ikora cyane kuri robo ya Tesla kizagera kuri toni 6150 muri 2025.

Kugeza ubu, ama robo y’abantu yakoreshejwe mbere y’inganda nk’uburezi, ubuvuzi, n’inganda, bikaba biteganijwe ko izakurikirana ibintu hafi ya byose biri munsi y’ibikorwa by’abantu mu bihe biri imbere, bigasimbuza abantu mu mirimo ikora cyane kandi iteje akaga.Kugeza ubu, “Robo +” ikubiyemo ibyiciro 206 by'inganda 65.Mu rwego rwo guhanga udushya no guteza imbere ingufu za digitale no guteza imbere igice gishya cyinzira yubushinwa igana kijyambere, icyifuzo cyo hasi cy’inganda zidasanzwe za magneti ziteganijwe kuzatangira iterambere rishya.

Amakuru Yinganda Yanyuma

1, Ku ya 3 Ugushyingo, Li Qiang yayoboye inama nyobozi y’Inama y’igihugu ishinzwe kwiga no guteza imbere iterambere ryiza ry’inganda zidasanzwe ku isi.Inama yagaragaje ko isi idasanzwe ari umutungo w’amabuye y'agaciro.Tugomba guhuza ubushakashatsi, iterambere, imikoreshereze, hamwe nogucunga neza umutungo wisi udasanzwe, hamwe nimbaraga zitandukanye nkinganda, amasomo, ubushakashatsi, nogukoresha.Tuzatezimbere cyane ubushakashatsi nogukoresha ibisekuru bishya icyatsi kibisi kandi gikora neza, gutoranya, no gushonga, kongera ubushakashatsi nubukorikori bwinganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zidasanzwe ibikoresho bishya, guhashya ubucukuzi butemewe, kwangiza ibidukikije, nindi myitwarire, kandi wibande ku kuzamura iterambere-ryohejuru, ryubwenge, nicyatsi kibisi cyinganda zidasanzwe.

2, Ku ya 7 Ugushyingo, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi ya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa yasohoye “Sisitemu yo gukora iperereza ku mibare yo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga”.Amatangazo arasaba gushimangira imicungire y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bidasanzwe kandi bikubiyemo isi idasanzwe igengwa n’imicungire y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.